Bengaluru: Infertility rates in Karnataka are lower than in several other states but remain a concern, particularly in rural areas where awareness about reproductive health is limited, experts said at the Comprehensive Infertility Conclave 2025 held in the city on Sunday.
Lifestyle choices, delayed marriages and social taboos surrounding sexual health discussions are key contributing factors. Experts suggest that in 30-40% of cases, the cause is attributed solely to women. Another 30-40% of cases are linked exclusively to male infertility, while the remaining 20% involve unexplained or combined factors. Male infertility increased notably over the past decade, which experts attribute to lifestyle changes, stress, and environmental factors.
“While India’s infertility rate stands at approximately 18 per thousand women married for five years, Karnataka accounts for about 7% of it. However, rural areas report higher infertility rates due to a lack of education and stigmatisation of discussions on reproductive health,” said Dr Meghana Nyapathi, reproductive endocrinologist at Milann Fertility and Birthing Hospital.
Experts at the conclave emphasized the need for early diagnosis and comprehensive fertility care. Studies indicate that infertility affects both men and women. Medical specialists stressed the importance of mental and physical well-being, managing stress, maintaining work-life balance, and seeking early medical advice.
Praveen Joshi, organising chairman of the conclave, highlighted the need to spread awareness among young couples. He pointed out that many individuals delay parenthood due to lifestyle choices and reliance on technological advancements, which may unnecessarily push them into infertility. He urged people to utilise their ‘golden period’ for natural conception and leave assisted reproductive treatments for those who genuinely need them.
‘Maintain work-health balance’
Dr Anjali Ajai Kumar, executive director at HealthCare Global Enterprises, emphasised the importance of prioritising overall health, consulting medical professionals, and undergoing genetic assessments, nutritional evaluations, and mental health checks when planning pregnancy.
Joshi added that many professionals, especially in demanding fields like software engineering, neglect their personal lives, leading to delayed conception. “Maintaining a balanced lifestyle with time for both work and personal well-being is essential. Couples should engage in a healthy lifestyle before considering assisted reproductive technologies,” he said.
Dr Meghana stressed that individuals must balance work and personal health. “Efficiency in professional life allows better time management, enabling individuals to prioritise health and family planning. Couples should undergo preconception counseling within one year of marriage, especially if the woman is 32 or older. Early medical consultation and fertility assessments can help couples make informed decisions. Options like social egg or sperm freezing can also provide flexibility for those delaying parenthood,” she said.
Dr Joshi emphasised the importance of seeking professional guidance. “Many couples delay parenthood without consulting clinicians, understanding their genetic makeup, or assessing reproductive health. This lack of planning is a significant concern,” he said.
Recognising symptoms
Experts said inability to conceive despite trying for a prolonged period is the primary symptom of infertility. In women, irregular menstrual cycles, painful periods, unusual discharge, and advancing maternal age can indicate fertility issues, while in men, difficulty in sexual performance may signal underlying problems.