Millions of plastic bottles of washing-up liquid are used across the UK every year—but experts warn that this everyday item could be harming marine life and the environment.
Washing-up liquid has a bigger impact than many realise, from its chemicals to its plastic packaging.
Environmental cost
Most conventional washing-up liquids contain chemicals called surfactants, which help remove grease and dirt from dishes. However, Sustainably Lazy warns that “mainstream brands use fossil fuel-derived surfactants, many of which end up in rivers and harm aquatic life.”
Ethical Superstore supports this, explaining that “most conventional washing up liquids contain sodium lauryl sulphate or SLS,” which helps create foam and boost cleaning power. But the problem is that “SLS doesn’t just dissolve away to nothing when it’s used. After it goes down the plughole, it can end up lingering in our waterways, endangering marine life and doing untold damage to the ecosystem.”
A study published in the Journal of Applied Microbiology highlighted the dangers of surfactants, stating that they “are capable of penetrating the cell membrane and thus cause toxicity to living organisms.” In fish, these chemicals have been linked to “significant gill damage and loss of sight.”
Plastic bottles that last decades
The impact of washing-up liquid doesn’t end once it’s drained away. The plastic bottles they come in also add to the UK’s growing waste problem. The country produces over 170 million tonnes of waste every year, yet only one-third of plastic packaging is recycled.
In 2018, the Burnham Coastguard Rescue Team found a washing-up liquid bottle on the beach that was 47 years old and still intact. They urged people to “try and reduce our day-to-day plastic use, which is difficult with current manufacturing.”
Alternatives to reduce the impact
Experts suggest switching to more sustainable options in 2025 to help reduce environmental harm. Solid washing-up liquid bars are one option, although they work best in soft water areas. There are also eco-friendly, plant-based liquids that come in refillable containers.
Fairy has introduced a refill system to cut down on plastic waste. “Fairy Max Power antibacterial washing-up liquid refill carton allows you to refill your 370ml upside-down bottle more than twice and helps you to save up to 85% of the plastic. The refill is recyclable,” the company says.